Cite Dr. Clovia Hamilton’s research! This article provides brief lay summaries of research findings in publications written by Professor Clovia Hamilton on these 6 topic areas:
- Data Privacy
- Diversity, equity, and inclusion in STEM academic entrepreneurship
- Economic Development
- High-tech leadership
- Use of artificial intelligence and smart policing to reduce police misconduct
- Technology transfer operations and management
Please cite these in your research when you can. Also encourage graduate students and junior faculty to cite these when possible. Please send Clovia your lay summaries and she will do the same for you.
Short on time? Here is a pdf!
Data Privacy
- Developing a Measure of Social, Ethical, and Legal Content for Intelligent Cognitive Assistants
We reviewed the growth and associated legal issues of the of Voice Activated Personal Assistants (VAPAs) in private homes, banks, healthcare, and education. We then summarized the policy guidelines for the development of VAPAs. Then, we classified these into five major categories with associated traits. We developed a relative importance weight for each of the traits and categories; and suggest the establishment of a rating system related to the legal, ethical, functional, and social content policy guidelines established by these organizations. We suggest the establishment of an agency that will use the proposed consumer protection rating system to inform customers of the implications of adopting a particular VAPA in their sphere.
Hamilton, C., Swart, W., & Stokes, G. M. (2021). Developing a Measure of Social, Ethical, and Legal Content for Intelligent Cognitive Assistants. Journal of Strategic Innovation and Sustainability, 14 (3), 1-37.
- A Comparative Analysis of the EU GDPR to the USA’s data breach notifications
Here, we compared the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) with the statutes of the 50 US states, highlight the challenges companies face and reveal the types of decisions companies must make to comply with these statutes. This brief comparative analysis highlights the challenges companies face in trying to comply with multiple regulations. The greatest challenge exists for the small business. Just knowing the regulations would be a challenge for the small business. The GDPR may remain consistent, but the statutes of the 50 US states continue to be amended. In addition, there are the statutes of other countries. More than 100 countries have enacted data protection legislation, and several other countries are in the process of passing such laws with data protection laws.
Garrison, C., & Hamilton, C. (2019). A comparative analysis of the EU GDPR to the US’s breach notifications. Information & Communications Technology Law, 28(1), 99-114.
Diversity, equity and inclusion in STEM academic entrepreneurship and technology transfer
- Increasing Diversity among Women Entrepreneurs in High Growth High Tech Using HBCU Female Academic Entrepreneurs
There is a concentrated number of potential women entrepreneurs of diverse races among faculty in the United States’ Historically Black Colleges and Universities (known as HBCUs and are called ‘Black Colleges’ herein). This study describes the potential for developing university technology transfer in these Black Colleges as a strategy for increasing diversity among women entrepreneurs in high growth, high tech fields using female academic entrepreneurs. Using a novel theoretical framework, 24 Black Colleges with doctoral programs were compared to five (5) non-Black Colleges’ technology transfer programs. Additionally, the results of a correlation analysis support hypotheses regarding the relationships between tech transfer resource inputs and outputs. The results were used to develop a model intellectual property (IP) policy for Black Colleges. The Model IP policies can help these institutions improve their technology transfer and academic entrepreneurship endeavors. Ultimately, this will likely increase the diversity of women researchers, inventors and academic entrepreneurs in high growth, high tech fields.
Hamilton, C. (2020). Increasing Diversity among Women Entrepreneurs in High Growth High Tech Using HBCU Female Academic Entrepreneurs. Applied Management Journal, 21, 40-81.
- Using Ortho Arrays to Design Stated-Choice Surveys in emerging Research Institution’s Technology Commercialization and Academic Entrepreneurship (Summary)
In order to investigate the lack of tech transfer including start-up business formation at emerging research institutions (ERIs) such as Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs), it is proposed that the social comparison theory be used as the theoretical framework in a novel experimental design. This study describes how orthogonal arrays can be used in the creation of a stated-choice survey of ERI administrators to assess the level and extent that these administrators compare their ERI employer to non-ERI majority schools with respect to technology commercialization and academic entrepreneurship.
Additionally, using Ortho Arrays to Design Stated-Choice Surveys in emerging Research Institution’s Technology Commercialization and Academic Entrepreneurship (Summary)In Program and Proceedings of the 26th Annual Conference of the International Association for Applied Management – London, England (Vol. 26, p. 24). Bowling Green, KY: International Association for Applied Management (IAAM), 2019.
- Black Americans Past and Present Created Frugal Innovations and Embraced Circular Economy Principles: The Marketing Dilemma
The concept of frugal innovation did not originate in Asia or India. The practice of the rich taking the poor’s innovations is not new. In particular, Black American slaves and freed slaves developed several inventions in poverty conditions. It is imperative that frugal innovation research be more historically accurate to reduce the marginalization of contributions developed by poor innovators and to increase the more widespread embrace of circular economy principles. If a poor innovator resides in a rich country, then that innovator should not be excluded from the frugal innovator category if frugality was indeed used to innovate.
Hamilton, C. (2018). Black Americans Past and Present Created Frugal Innovations and Embraced Circular Economy Principles: The Marketing Dilemma. In 11th Annual Conference of the EuroMed Academy of Business Research Advancements in National and Global Business Theory and Practice – Malta.
- Chinese Innovation and Global Integration – Theoretical Framework of Perceived Insecurities in University Technology Transfer
Given increased investments in university research and Chinese universities, it is important to be aware of conflicts between university technology transfer office staff and faculty within academic exchanges. University technology transfer is growing in China and is vital to China’s innovation and intellectual property program. This cultural difference has presented conflicts between American university researchers and Chinese national researchers in the United States. In addition, it has also resulted in race- based hate and discrimination directed toward Chinese students and faculty on university campuses. Conflicts between university technology transfer participants can thwart efforts to create thriving, successful university technology innovation and commercialization programs. This paper provides a literature review which defines insecurity as perceived threats felt by both the faculty researchers and TIO staff. From this literature review, a theoretical conceptual framework and hypotheses were developed to explain this phenomenon.
Hamilton, C. (2018). Chinese Innovation and Global Integration Theoretical Framework of Perceived Insecurities in University Technology Transfer. In 11th Annual Conference of the EuroMed Academy of Business Research Advancements in National and Global Business Theory and Practice – Malta.
- HBCU Technology Transfer Supply Chain Networks’ Sustainability: Budget Resource Planning Tool Development
This study describes the development of a university technology transfer supply chain network sustainability budgeting tool that Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) can use to become more self-reliant financially. HBCUs lag behind their peer non-HBCUs because historically they have been under-served and were originally established largely as teaching and blue-collar trade schools. Increased involvement in research-oriented activities such as technology transfer will likely enable HBCUs to grow into new or stronger research institutions. The literature review revealed several problem areas with non-HBCUs university technology transfer including resource planning issues. These problem areas for non-HBCUs would be challenging for HBCUs as well.
Hamilton, C. (2018). HBCU Technology Transfer Supply Chain Networks Sustainability Budget Resource Planning Tool Development. In Proceedings of the American Society for Engineering Management 2017 International Annual Conference EH. Ng, B. Nepal, and E. Schott eds.
- A Tool Kit for Building HBCU Technology Transfer Supply Chain Networks Using an Advanced Planning System
This toolkit is an advanced planning system to help Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) and other emerging research institutions (ERIs) engage in technology transfer and compete for licensing revenues. This study includes a historical account of why HBCUs are woefully behind predominantly White institutions in America with regard to R&D and technology transfer. It includes budget resource planning using linear programming, job scheduling using simulated annealing and R programming, benchmarking, and recognition of the need for a paradigm shift.
Hamilton, C. A (2016) A tool kit for building a HBCU technology transfer supply chain network. University of Tennessee.
Technology transfer operations and management
- Knowledge Based View of University Tech Transfer—A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis
What enables productive university technology transfer office (TTO) performance has not been comprehensively researched. Therefore, this research study adopted the knowledge-based view as the theoretical construct to support a comprehensive investigation into this area. This was achieved through employing a systematic literature review (SLR) combined with a robust meta-analysis. The SLR identified an initial total of 10,126 articles in the first step of the review process, with 44 studies included in the quantitative synthesis, and 29 quantitative empirical studies selected for the meta-analysis. The research study identified that the relationship between TTO knowledge management and knowledge deployment as well as startup business performance is where TTOs secure the strongest returns.
Hamilton, C., & Philbin, S. P. (2020). Knowledge Based View of University Tech Transfer—A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis. Administrative Sciences, 10(3), 62.
- A Cochrane method systematic review of university tech commercialization research
The technology transfer offices (TTOs) which were established at many research universities to manage this process have been studied quite extensively. However, the foundational elements that fuel successful TTO performance has not been studied comprehensively. Instead, there are numerous fragmented studies that date back to the early 1980s. In addition, there is no agreed upon common theory for studying university technology and how these elemental inputs related to performance outputs. Thus, herein it is advocated that the resource-based view (Barney, 1991) and theory on environmental munificence (Castrogiovanni, 1991, 2002) be used as a theoretical framework for researching university technology commercialization. Competitive resources in a more munificent environment can make it easier for an organization to survive and prosper. With a Cochrane method meta-analysis, it was discovered that human and organizational resources are significant relative to startup business formations, patents, and licensing activities. The strongest effects were among the organizational and human inputs relative to licensing activities.
Hamilton, C. (2018). A Cochrane method systematic review of university tech commercialization research. In Proceedings of the International Annual Conference of the American Society for Engineering Management. (pp. 1-11). American Society for Engineering Management (ASEM).
- A Meta-Analysis of University Technology Transfer Empirical Research (Summary)
Interestingly, this research helps university technology transfer offices (TTOs) identify key resource attributes that influence performance. Using resource-based theory, which emphasizes the value of rare and hard-to-imitate assets, the study explains how specific TTO characteristics relate to outcomes like patents, licensing, and startup formation. A comprehensive literature review included empirical studies that measured TTO resources (e.g., research budgets, staff, patents) and performance indicators (e.g., startups), along with effect size estimates. A meta-analysis revealed that both human and organizational resources significantly impact performance, especially in licensing. These findings suggest that TTOs with strong, unique, and well-managed resources achieve better results. The study underscores the importance of investing in experienced staff and robust organizational structures to enhance technology commercialization. By aligning with resource-based theory, the research provides a strategic framework for improving TTO effectiveness and maximizing the return on university innovation efforts.
Hamilton, C., & Crook, R. (2015). A meta-analysis of university technology transfer empirical research (summary). Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research, 35(9), 4.
- University Technology Transfer from the Attention Based View
There is a persistent underperformance by university technology transfer offices. This paper makes the contribution of advocating the novel use of cognitive thinking’s attention-based view to university technology transfer in order to resolve this problem. The attention-based view teaches that human attention is limited and organizations are limited in what they pay attention to (Cyert, 1963; Ocasio, 1997). It is argued herein that universities may struggle with increasing their licensing revenues because they are not paying sufficient attention to licensing. Awareness of the problem is the first step in resolving it. It is propositioned that university technology transfer office staff pay more attention to intellectual property protection than patent marketing or licensing and this result in lower licensing revenues and lower overall performance. It is also propositioned that technology transfer offices with less experienced staff pay more attention to intellectual property protection than patent marketing and licensing.
Hamilton, C. (2015). University Technology Transfer Information Processing from the Attention Based View. In Proceedings of the International Annual Conference (IAC) of the American Society of Engineering Management (ASEM), Indianapolis IN (pp. 1-11).
- Love and Hate in University Technology Transfer
Problems with university technology transfer have led to unethical behavior among faculty inventors and university technology transfer specialists. This study examines the literature focused on the relationship between university research faculty and technology transfer office staff. We attempt to provide greater understanding of how research faculty’s personal values and research universities’ organization values may differ and why. Faculty researchers and tech transfer office (TTO) staff are perceived to be virtuous agents. When both are meeting each other’s needs, a “love” relationship exists. However, when these needs are not met, a “hate” relationship exists that is replete with doubt and uncertainty. This doubt and uncertainty create tension and subsequent conflicts. There are many accounts where faculty researchers have not followed university policies and expectations, often violating policy and ethical standards. Likewise, faculty report numerous examples of how TTO staff members’ negligence in servicing their attempts to be good institutional citizens have failed them.
Further, this paper explores this love/hate relationship and reveals numerous conflicts that call into question ethical concerns. It also provides a set of recommendations for reducing and potentially alleviating these concerns. Results from a thorough review of the literature on the relationship between faculty and university TTOs reveals that perceived job insecurity is the primary reason that some research faculty members as well as some TTO staff, unethically violate their university policy to disclose invention disclosures and select to not provide full services, respectively. One way to alleviate the conflict between faculty’s personal values regarding their inventions and university’s organizational values is to enact measures that build trust and reduce insecurity among faculty members and TTO staff. In this book chapter, we not only examine this faculty/TTO staff ethical conflicts, but we offer a set of recommendations that we believe will reduce the likelihood of unethical behavior while encouraging greater institutional commitment and trust.
Hamilton, C., & Schumann, D. (2016). Love and hate in university technology transfer: examining faculty and staff conflicts and ethical issues. In M. H. Schwartz, Howard (Ed.), The Contribution of Love and Hate to Organizational Ethics, Research in Ethical Issues in Organizations (REIO) (Vol. 16, 95-122): Emerald Group Publishing.
- Emerging Research Institutions’ Technology Transfer Supply Chain Networks’ Sustainability: Budget Resource Planning Tool Development
This study describes the development of a university technology transfer supply chain network sustainability tool that private and public emerging research institutions (ERIs) can use to become more self-reliant financially. Historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs) are ERIs and are used as a case study. HBCUs lag behind their peer non-HBCUs because historically they have been under-served and were originally established largely as teaching and blue-collar trade schools. Some doctoral HBCUs desire to strengthen their research activities. This study illustrates that classic industrial use of linear programming optimization techniques can uniquely be used to optimize budget resource planning for sustainable HBCU supply chain networks and other ERIs. Applying the systems dynamics approach, a budget resource planning tool was developed using a linear programming optimization technique. This study contributes to the improved execution of technology transfer projects through better budget resource planning.
Hamilton, C. (2017). Emerging research institutions’ technology transfer supply chain networks’ sustainability: Budget resource planning tool development. IEEE Engineering Management Review, 45(4), 39-52.
- Novel Job Scheduling Tool for University Technology Transfer
Technology commercialization managers are often faced with (1) training inventors on intellectual property (IP) laws and IP policies, (2) evaluating invention disclosures for patentability and marketability, (3) drafting and implementing invention marketing plans, and (4) working closely with patent counsel on patent prosecution. This study begins with the fact that expediency is important because the amount of time taken to evaluate invention disclosures and file patent applications often conflicts with inventors’ desire to publish their findings. However, very few technology transfer managers use project management job scheduling tools to minimize processing time. This study describes the development of a novel job scheduling tool for university technology transfer using simulated annealing in R programming.
Hamilton, C. (2020). Novel Job Scheduling Tool for University Technology Transfer. Applied Management Journal, 20, 19-37.
Antitrust Guidelines for Intellectual Property Licensing
- Adequacy of the 1995 Antitrust Guidelines for IP Licensing: Commentaries from the 2002 FTC and DOJ Hearings about the Competition and Intellectual Property Law and Policy in the Knowledge-Based Economy
The 1995 Antitrust Guidelines for the Licensing of Intellectual Property outline enforcement policies by the DOJ and FTC but fall short in offering clear guidance for practitioners. These guidelines misunderstand the complexities of IP markets and inadequately address key issues, particularly license misuse that creates market entry barriers. A flawed concept of the “innovation market” further weakens their effectiveness. This article examines whether the FTC has tackled three major forms of license misuse: (1) refusal to license IP, (2) misconduct during industry standards setting, and (3) improper acquisition of broad IP rights through patent settlements, including patent pools and cross-licensing. Further, special attention is given to generic drug market entry, which has drawn scrutiny due to its connection with online shadow markets and the controversial Medicare Bill. The article calls for clearer, more practical antitrust guidance to better navigate the evolving landscape of intellectual property licensing and enforcement.
Hamilton, C. (2004). Adequacy of the 1995 Antitrust Guidelines for IP Licensing: Commentaries from the 2002 FTC and DOJ Hearings. Journal of Internet Law, 7, 18-27.
- Adequacy of the 1995 Antitrust Guidelines for the Licensing of Intellectual Property in Complex High-Tech Markets
In 1995, the Department of Justice and the Federal Trade Commission adopted new guidelines for those wishing to license intellectual property rights without violating antitrust laws. Designed to provide clarity, these guidelines instead bred confusion because they misunderstand the nature of intellectual property markets and provide insufficient guidance in the most difficult areas. Agency guidance should focus on conduct in the high-tech arena that constitutes a potential entry barrier. Key high-tech entry barriers include refusals to license, misconduct during standards-setting activities, and patent accumulation methods such as cross licensing, package licensing, and patent pools. The article concludes that the government should further amend the Guidelines to provide clearer rules for use of IP licenses.
Hamilton, C. (2002). Adequacy of the 1995 Antitrust Guidelines for the Licensing of Intellectual Property in Complex High-Tech Markets. Computer L. Rev. & Tech. J., 7, 23.
Note: The FTC and DOJ did amend the Antitrust Guidelines for IP Licensing in 2017.
High-tech ethical leadership
- Preparing Millennials as Digital Citizens and Socially and Environmentally Responsible Business Professionals in a Socially Irresponsible Climate
Current literature on using current events in business education lacks focus on helping millennials develop their individual voice and critically explore ethical, policy, and business issues. While some studies suggest students should select their own news stories, few address how educators can guide them beyond summarizing content. There is little emphasis on teaching diplomacy—an essential skill for navigating modern business careers. To bridge this gap, more research and practice are needed to create opportunities for students to express themselves in online discussions, form evidence-based judgments, and engage in meaningful debates on complex, often uncomfortable topics like unethical business practices. Encouraging these skills will better prepare millennials for professional communication challenges. A shift from passive consumption of news to active, reflective engagement is essential for cultivating thoughtful, articulate, and ethically aware business leaders.
Based on our literature review, we recommend a pedagogical framework for developing business management curricula which has the following ten (10) themes that need to be promoted and implemented by higher education administrative leaders and faculty:
- Socially responsive ethics – digital citizenship and environmental sustainability; social justice awareness using current events in teaching
- Self- Identity: In this age of selfies, faculty should encourage students to establish their own authentic self-identities.
- Diplomat Business Communication – encourage the development of experiential learning activities focused on civic participation for interventionist engagement
- Transparency – the business schools need to begin at home with discussing digital citizen related decisions made by the university and their college related to cyber bullying, harassment, unethical behavior; and with related current events.
- Evidenced –based assignments: Evidence-based assignments will thwart any inclination for students to indulge in fake news and alt facts. Require Oral and Written Communication based on sound researched evidence.
- Assert their Rights and Opinions – in concert with discovering their self-identities, encourage students to learn what their rights and opinions are and exercise their voice
Burgess Wilkerson, B., Hamilton, C., Garrison, C., & Robbins, K. (2018). Preparing millennials as digital citizens and socially and environmentally responsible business professionals in a socially irresponsible climate. In Proceedings of the 83rd Annual Conference of the Association for Business Communication October 24-27, 2018 – Miami, Florida, USA.
- Q&A. Does Machiavelli’s The Prince have relevant lessons for Modern High-Tech Managers and Leaders?
High-tech business leaders’ character traits significantly influence their decisions and workplace behavior. Niccolò Machiavelli’s 16th-century treatise, The Prince, offers enduring lessons for navigating today’s competitive business environment. Machiavelli advises leaders to manage expectations, govern holistically—not just in crises—and act with strategic foresight, as if always preparing for battle. His emphasis on balance, consequence, and realism remains relevant, especially in industries where competition is fierce and leadership demands resilience. Understanding these principles equips modern leaders to handle ruthless challenges effectively. This article explores how Machiavelli’s insights apply to contemporary tech figures such as Steve Jobs, Meg Whitman, Larry Ellison, Steve Ballmer, Michael Pearson, Martin Shkreli, Marissa Mayer, and Martin Winterkorn.
Hamilton, C. (2017).Q&A. Does Machiavelli’s The Prince have relevant lessons for Modern High-Tech Managers and Leaders, Technology and Innovation Management Review, 7(8), 40-47.
Economic development
- Appropriation of Artisans’ Intellectual Property in fashion Design Accessories: Piracy Disguised as Giving Back?
Some companies in developed nations appropriate intellectual property from artisans in underdeveloped countries, later portraying themselves as altruistic by offering microloans. To avoid such exploitation, fashion accessory companies can adopt corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices that include hiring artisans directly, matching purchases with donations, forming nonprofits that return all proceeds to artisans, and using ethical manufacturing brokers. However, beyond voluntary CSR, countries should implement policies mandating royalty sharing or other equitable compensation for artisans. International bodies like WIPO can help facilitate these frameworks. While current CSR efforts are a positive start, true equity requires co-ownership models that recognize artisans as rightful intellectual property holders. Such models not only ensure fair compensation but also promote sustainable and ethical business practices that respect the cultural and creative contributions of marginalized communities. Protecting artisan IP through structural reforms is essential for long-term success and justice in global fashion markets.
Hamilton, C. (2020). Appropriation of Artisans’ Intellectual Property in Fashion Design Accessories: Piracy Disguised as Giving Back?. Intell. Prop. & Tech. LJ, 25, 127.
- Reimagining China’s transportation funding investments in Africa in the context of COVID-19
Africa’s underinvestment in healthcare, coupled with China’s growing role in financing its transportation infrastructure, has exposed vulnerabilities—especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. A literature review highlights the interdependence of key development sectors: healthcare, education, housing, environmental protection, safety, economic growth, and transportation. To build resilience, African nations must adopt a more integrated approach to development planning. Partnerships with China should go beyond transportation and include substantial investments in healthcare, education, utilities, and supply chain modernization using digital technologies. Trade agreements must be structured to support comprehensive development goals. Additionally, African governments should rethink domestic transportation spending to support broader social needs. For instance, U.S. models show how transportation funds can be used to build health clinics in transit hubs. Strengthening internal planning and aligning infrastructure investments with social services will help ensure that development is both equitable and sustainable.
Hamilton, C., & Maliphol, S. (2021). Reimagining China’s Transportation Funding Investments in Africa in the Context of COVID-19. Transportation Research Record.
Hamilton, C. (2021). Reimagining China’s transportation funding investments in Africa in lieu of COVID-19. Transportation Research Board 100th Annual Meeting Transportation Research Board, (TRBAM-21-01042).
- High-Tech Transportation Corridors are in Vogue: Proposed Federal Transportation Policy Amendments
The suburban space economy expanded in the 1980s, creating high-tech corridors along highways in Maryland, Virginia, and Washington D.C. By the early 2000s, high-tech transportation corridors (HTTCs) became a favored economic development strategy. Typically located along interstates or city streets, HTTCs cluster tech companies along key routes and are branded with corridor names (e.g., I-79 High-Tech Corridor). While some HTTCs form organically, many are actively promoted by economic leaders. To ensure these developments are equitable and sustainable, federal transportation policy should require planners to play a more engaged role in development decisions. These decisions must integrate infrastructure and resource programs with socio-economic goals. Planning should shift from a purely infrastructural focus to a more transactional, policy-driven approach. Transportation officials must evaluate the broader impacts of HTTCs before allocating funding, ensuring that these corridors support inclusive growth and long-term sustainability. A stronger link between transportation and socio-economic policy is essential.
Hamilton, C. (2003). High-Tech Transportation Corridors Are in Vogue: Proposed Federal Transportation Policy Amendments. Alb. LJ Sci. & Tech., 14, 359.
- University Technology Transfer and Economic Development: Proposed Cooperative Economic Development Agreements under the Bayh-Dole Act
Although universities increasingly pressure their technology transfer specialists to become stewards of their regions’ economic development, most specialists have no experience in strategic economic development planning, or in forming collaborations that foster local government economic development. Furthermore, current regulations do not provide specialists with much guidance on how to facilitate economic development collaborations between their offices and other nonprofit organizations. This Article proposes that Congress amend the Bayh-Dole Act to provide guidance on how universities can enter into newly proposed Cooperative Economic Development Agreements (CEDAs) patterned after the Stevenson-Wydler Act’s Cooperative Research and Development Agreements (CRADAs).
Hamilton, C. (2003). University Technology Transfer and Economic Development: Proposed Cooperative Economic Development Agreements Under the Bayh-Dole Act, 36 J. Marshall L. Rev. 397 (2003).
- Identifying Sources of COVID19 Pandemic Supply Chain Fragility
This paper is a bibliometric study of the COVID19 supply chain fragility problem. In February 2021, the United States’ President called for a review of the pandemic related supply chain for vaccines, personal protective equipment (PPE), medical equipment such as ventilators, and food. This study involves a search for references published between January 1, 2020 and April 30, 2021. It reveals that food was a primary topic among 82 publications rather than vaccines. Also, reasons cited for America’s supply chain fragility include America’s dependence on products produced in other countries such as China; these countries’ own pandemic induced supply chain challenges; and US trade restrictions on such products enacted prior to the COVID19 outbreak. Engineering management strategies were mentioned in 60% of the publications and are summarized in the Conclusions and Implications for Managers are provided.
Hamilton, C. (2021). Identifying sources of COVID19 pandemic supply chain fragility. In Proceedings of the International Annual Conference of the American Society for Engineering Management. (pp. 1-11). American Society for Engineering Management (ASEM).
Smart policing
- Robocops and Smart Policing in the wake of the George Floyd murder
The killing of George Floyd in the United States has drawn attention to police brutality worldwide because it was caught on video. The frequency of incidents of police brutality has resulted in mutual distrust and fear between police and citizens. Repeated stories of police violence suggest policing needs a reimagined overhaul that addresses human rights. Smart technologies have the potential to improve policing and ethical outcomes through technological objectivity. Smart policing can potentially alleviate racial bias through technology management.
Maliphol, S. and Hamilton, C. (2022). Robocops and smart policing in the wake of the George Floyd murder. In Proceedings of Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET) Technology Management and Leadership in Digital Transformation, p. xx, August 2022, Portland, OR.
By Dr. Clovia Hamilton
A preprint of this article is now publicly available for download on SSRN, making it accessible to anyone interested in HBCUs. university inventions, patent licensing, university innovation policy, research commercialization, or the future of the Bayh-Dole.
Our journal article titled Surpassing Bostock: SEC Filing Deficits Mask LGBTQ Discrimination explores how current U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) disclosure requirements fall short in addressing workplace discrimination against LGBTQ individuals. Despite the landmark Supreme Court decision in Bostock v. Clayton County (2020), which affirmed that Title VII protects employees from discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity, the article argues that corporate transparency has not kept pace with legal protections.
Broader Implications
My dad passed away in late June 2025. I wrote this tribute and celebration of life to my dad Benjamin Hamilton. This tribute was published in the Jackson Progress Argus newspaper:
In fact, robocops often carry cameras designed for continuous monitoring, and some include facial recognition capabilities. These technologies create privacy challenges that require clear policies and public transparency.
Alternative to Traditional Banking,” Clovia Hamilton explores the potential of cryptocurrency as an environmentally and financially sustainable alternative to traditional banking systems.
and book chapters, making them accessible across disciplines.